Griswold v Connecticut essays

Griswold v Connecticut articles Griswold v. Connecticut spoke to the Supreme Court on blunders of the state court of Connecticut. This case manages the option to recommend the utilization of anti-conception medication to a wedded female. This activity is discovered illegal under the state laws, yet this law attacks a people rights under the constitution. Here the issue develops and should be chosen in the courts. The appealing party Griswold is an Executive Director of the Planned Parenthood League of Connecticut (Janosik, 1035). Appealing party Buxton is an authorized doctor and a teacher at Yale Medical School who filled in as Medical Director for the League at its inside in New Haven. This middle was opened for ten days in November of 1961, until the appellants were captured (Rice, 187). The appellants were attempted in the state court and concluded that the state laws repudiated a few rights in the constitution. The two Connecticut laws state: Any individual who utilizes any medication, clinical article or instrument to forestall origination will be fined at the very least fifty dollars or detained at the very least sixty days nor over one year or both be fined and detained (Rice, 187). Any individual who oppose, abets, guides, causes, recruits, or orders another to submit any offense might be indicted and rebuffed as though he were the foremost guilty party (Rice, 188). In the Connecticut court choice, the appellants were seen as liable as adornments and fined one hundred dollars each, against the case that the extra mandate as applied, disregarded a few revisions. The Connecticut sculptures disallowing utilization of contraceptives abuses the privilege of conception prevention to wedded people which is ensured through the Bill of Rights in the Constitution for American residents (Rice, 188). The appellants are ensured essential rights through the Constitution to recommend contraception to wedded individuals in the event that they are engaged with a legitimate relationsh... <!

Engineering Essays Implications For Engineers

Designing Essays Implications For Engineers The parity of work in structural building has moved from the open division to the private segment. Talk about the suggestions for engineers specifically and society as a rule. Presentation Structural Engineering is that field of building that is engaged with the plan and development of streets, spans, dams, structures and other open works (civil_engineering.bluerider.com). Sooner or later in time, open offices were the obligation of the position. The authority could have been the realm or an administration. That is the reason structural specialists have customarily been utilized mainly by the open segment. Everything was controlled by the legislature. So everything must be given and built by a similar government. Structural Engineering In any case, the field of building became more extensive and more extensive throughout the years. The necessities of general society developed with the populace and way of life. This put expanding focus on the legislature. Sooner or later, it was hard for the legislature to stay up with the developing needs and desires of the country. To address those issues, more structures and offices must be built and quicker. That was just conceivable if an expanding number of structural architects are utilized. Dealing with that developing number of designers would get burdening on a focal government in the event that it didn't have a methods for offering that duty to the mechanical world. Simultaneously, as the way of life expanded and industrialisation occurred, a developing number of offices were required by singular gathering of individuals, for example, processing plant proprietors. These production line proprietors were eager to pay an individual or a privately owned business to manufactur e its processing plant gave it could construct it to his prerequisites and in time. That is the manner by which structural architects and other related laborers began being utilized by the private-run organizations for private needs. Today, with an economy of this size, the administration can just follow the general methodology of improvement. It can't delve into the subtleties of what ought to be worked for every person. Development segment hence has become a basically private exchange where the purchasers and the venders are private. The administration needs to utilize sufficiently only to direct and control the measures. Status The repercussions of this float from the general population to the private division are various for the architect. The first and generally significant of everything is the status and picture of the architect. In spite of the way that the activity of the architect has gotten progressively troublesome, the picture and acknowledgment of the specialist for the remainder of the general public has declined throughout the years. Educators, specialists and legal advisors are viewed as respectable callings since they are believed to serve the open intrigue straightforwardly. Designers are no longer observed that way since they serve a customer base that is private. So the advanced architect doesn't profit a similar regard of general society as his antiquated partner. Societys View From the societys perspective, the architect is a less trust-commendable individual today since he isn't legitimately constrained by the administration. He is seen as someone who is working for cash, and not someone who is working out in the open help. Subsequently, the pubic works are probably going to be less dependable. People in general in the long run needs to acknowledge what is offered to him since he doesn't have a decision. There is no option on offer. Compensation The designer today has the chance of getting a more significant pay than previously. Since he is paid by the administration he apportions, the more he works or the better nature of work he conveys, the more he is probably going to be paid. That is contrasted with the way that as an administration specialist, the architect would have gotten a similar compensation whether he fabricates one structure or ten. Nonetheless, this additionally implies the pay will be set by the market. One of the protests of architects today is that their compensation doesn't mirror the degree of work they perform. At an organization level, it is simpler to appoint a portion of the benefit to a sales rep since he has added to a specific measure of turnover. A supervisor can be related with the measure of cash his area of expertise or branch has made. However, it is considerably more hard to evaluate the financial worth of an architect since his yield can't be estimated legitimately in money related terms. Th at is the reason that notwithstanding the way that the change from open to private area gives the opportunities for a superior compensation, that chance isn't appeared as a general rule for most of designers today. Legislative issues Governments are controlled by legislators and lawmakers need to assess the impression of the general population before taking unforgiving choices. That is the reason generally, work in the open part is more secure than that in private area. The administration itself can't be believed to make joblessness. Along these lines, one of the occurrence of the move structure open to private division for the architect is that today, his activity is less secure than previously. Specialization With the improvement of innovation and the quest for information, the field of structural building has become so tremendous since a structural designer can't in any way, shape or form have a deep understanding of the field. This has prompted specialization of exchange. Today, a structural designer can be either an auxiliary architect or a roadway engineer or a geotechnical engineer or any of the different aspects of structural building. Effectiveness Structural specialists and structural building organizations can be supposed to be more effective today than the days when common works were finished by open area. Privatization of development work has prompted quicker development work since now organizations need to work in a serious market. Rivalry in development has profited for the most part to the general public since now, more offices is built quicker, at less expensive expenses, and the final result is progressively appealing. In this way, one of the repercussions on the general public everywhere is that it has profited by a progressively productive structural designing industry. End The ramifications of the move in a critical position of work in structural designing from the open division to the private area to the designer can be summed up regarding change in pay structure, change in picture, in sort of employment, employer stability among others. For the general public, it is for the most part an increasingly effective industry yet with progressively suspicious unwavering quality. References 1.â â â â â http://civil_engineering.bluerider.com/wordsearch/civil_engineering Reference index . â â â â â â Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, American Society of Civil Engineer, 1991 . â â â â â â Tarsh, Jason, Graduate Shortages in Science and Engineering, Department of Employment, 1985

Gamma Rays are Part of the High-Energy Universe

Gamma Rays are Part of the High-Energy Universe Everybody has known about the electromagnetic range. Its an assortment all things considered and frequencies of light, from radio and microwave to bright and gamma. The light we see is known as the obvious piece of the range. The remainder of the frequencies and waves are imperceptible to our eyes, however perceptible utilizing extraordinary instruments.â Gamma beams are the most vigorous piece of the range. They have the most brief frequencies and most noteworthy frequencies. These qualities make them very dangerous to life, yet they likewise tell space experts a lotâ about the articles that radiate them known to mankind. Gamma-beams do happen on Earth, made when astronomical beams hit our environment and cooperate with the gas atoms. Theyre likewise a result of the rot of radioactive components, especially in atomic blasts and in atomic reactors. Gamma beams arent consistently a lethal danger: in medication, theyre used to treat malignant growth (in addition to other things). Be that as it may, there are vast wellsprings of these executioner photons, and for a very long time, they stayed a riddle to space experts. They remained as such until telescopes were fabricated that could identify and contemplate these high-vitality emanations. Vast Sources of Gamma Rays Today, we discover significantly more about this radiation and where it originates from known to man. Cosmologists distinguish these beams from very vigorous exercises and items, for example, supernova blasts, neutron stars, and dark opening communications. These are hard to examine as a result of the high energies included, they are once in a while splendid in noticeable light, and the way that our environment shields us from most gamma beams. To see these exercises appropriately, cosmologists send specializedâ instruments to space, so they can see the gamma beams from high above Earths defensive cover of air. NASAs orbiting Swift satellite and the Fermi Gamma-beam Telescope are among the instruments space experts right now use to recognize and contemplate this radiation. Gamma-beam Bursts In the course of recent decades, cosmologists have recognized very solid eruptions of gamma beams from different focuses in the sky. By long, cosmologists mean just a couple of moments to a couple of moments. Be that as it may, their separations, extending from millions to billions of light-years away, show that these items and occasions must be brilliant so as to be seen from over the universe.â The purported gamma-beam blasts are the most fiery and most splendid occasions at any point recorded. They can convey gigantic measures of vitality in only a couple of moments more than the Sun will discharge all through its whole presence. Until as of late, space experts could just hypothesize about what caused such huge blasts. Be that as it may, ongoing perceptions have helped them track down the wellsprings of these occasions. For instance, the Swift satellite identified a gamma-beam burst that originated from the introduction of a dark opening that lay in excess of 12 billion light-years from Earth. That is from the get-go in the universes history.â There are shorter blasts, under two seconds in length, which were actually a secret for quite a long time. In the end cosmologists connected these occasions to exercises called kilonovae, which happen when two neutron stars or a neutron star or a dark gap consolidate. Right now of the merger, they emit short eruptions of gamma-beams. They can likewise emanate gravitational waves. The History of Gamma-beam Astronomy Gamma-beam stargazing had its beginning during the Cold War. Gamma-beam blasts (GRBs) were first identified during the 1960s by the Vela armada of satellites. From the outset, individuals were stressed that they were indications of an atomic assault. Throughout the following decades, space experts started looking out the wellsprings of these strange pinpoint blasts via scanning for optical light (obvious light) signals and in bright, x-beam, and signals. The dispatch of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory in 1991 took the quest for infinite wellsprings of gamma beams higher than ever. Its perceptions demonstrated that GRBs happen all through the universe and not really inside our own Milky Way Galaxy. Since that time, the BeppoSAX observatory, propelled by the Italian Space Agency, just as the High Energy Transient Explorer (propelled by NASA) have been utilized to recognize GRBs. The European Space Agencys INTEGRAL crucial the chase in 2002. All the more as of late, the Fermi Gamma-beam Telescope has studied the sky and diagrammed gamma-beam emitters.â The requirement for quick discovery of GRBs is critical to looking out the high-vitality occasions that cause them. For a certain something, the exceptionally short-burst occasions vanish rapidly, making it hard to make sense of the source. X-satellites can get the chase (since theres normally a related x-beam flare). To help stargazers rapidly focus in on a GRB source, the Gamma Ray Bursts Coordinates Network promptly conveys notices to researchers and foundations associated with considering these upheavals. That way, they can promptly design follow-up perceptions utilizing ground-based and space-based optical, radio and X-beam observatories. As space experts concentrate a greater amount of these upheavals, theyll increase a superior comprehension of the vigorous exercises that cause them. The universe is loaded up with wellsprings of GRBs, so what they learn will likewise disclose to us increasingly about the high-vitality cosmos.â Quick Facts Gamma beams are the most enthusiastic sort of radiation known. They are emitted by fiery items and procedures in the universe. Gamma beams can likewise be made in the lab, and this sort of radiation is utilized in some clinical applications.Gamma-beam space science is finished with circling satellites that can recognize them without obstruction from Earths air.

Commentary On The Road Not Tak :: essays research papers

The sonnet is essentially about an individual who has sooner or later in his life been suggested with a conversation starter of which way to take. Clearly, there would be a predicament on his part and the sonnet rotates around his choice. Frost’s account style has fit a specific measure of uncertainty in what he is attempting to pass on. This uncertainty that Frost has left the peruser to mull over is fundamentally separated into two ways of thinking. The first is that Frost has a lament for the decision that he has made and he is relating the hardships of that decision to the peruser. The option is that he is essentially attempting to say something about existence and harbors no lament towards the decision that he has made. The main subject to be considered is that of Frost’s similarity of one’s life being put onto a course of events and he has utilized streets to outline the possibility of numerous prospects. The utilization of nature in a similar line â€Å"Two streets veered in a yellow wood† gives a practically natural like intrigue. This encourages us to incorporate streets into the regular habitat and it gives a feeling that the choices that we need to make are characteristic. The uniqueness of the two streets into a similar spot (a yellow wood) represents Frost’s takeoff into this present reality (as a result of the peculiarity in â€Å"wood†). This could imply that the wood is being contrasted with the â€Å"unknown† world. Once more, in the main refrain there is the beginning of the equivocalness in the very shade of the wood. A solid adherent to the view that Frost has given a remorseful tone to the sonnet will call attention to that there is a critica lness in the very shade of the wood. This is on the grounds that yellow speaks to fall time where the disgrace is that everything around him is kicking the bucket and due to life he despite everything needs to proceed. Moreover, there is the consideration of the second line â€Å"And sorry I was unable to travel both†. This could imply that he is remorseful in light of the fact that he will never realize what the other way advertised. Then again it could likewise be deciphered that it is plain interest which has driven him to state this, no lament for what he has neglected to do. Ice has utilized a sharp delineation of the continuation of these streets to portray the vulnerability that life holds.

Research Paper Thesis Statement - How to Write a Good Statement

Research Paper Thesis Statement - How to Write a Good StatementYour research paper thesis statement will be the single most important element of your paper. What it says to the reader, your students and your fellow researchers will make a big difference to the response you get from them.If you cannot write a proper research paper thesis statement then you need to look at how you have done before. Writing a thesis statement has to be something that will hold up to public scrutiny. You will need to know exactly what your scope is and how it relates to the needs of your final document.Many school text books will give you examples to help you with this. However, you should always strive to make your research paper thesis statement as clear as possible. Keep in mind that it is written for publication in a scholarly setting, so you should consider the goals of your school or your program in academic writing. Then you should take this into account when writing your thesis statement.You can use your research paper thesis statement to help your readers understand exactly what you are saying. A statement that doesn't directly address the topic at hand will do nothing but confuse your readers. Also, don't make your statement overly long; too many words will make your readers start feeling overwhelmed.As you read other papers and think about the papers you have read in your writing class, you will learn that there are several different ways to present a paper. You can include information or skip it completely depending on the tone of the paper. The way you use your research paper thesis statement will say a lot about your writing style and whether you are taking the time to be objective or eager to say something you wish.It's usually best to keep your paper short and sweet. But remember that your thesis statement is not an afterthought and should be the first thing you write down when you begin a new paper.A great idea is to write your thesis statement several times, to ge t a feel for how it will flow into the rest of your paper. Sometimes a thesis statement might seem like a lot of words to you, but if you run across a problem you can write it down and take a moment to reflect upon it.When you first get started with writing a research paper thesis statement, make sure you prepare for it ahead of time. The more prepared you are, the better your chances of writing a convincing thesis statement. This will also help you avoid having to rewrite your thesis statement a couple times.

Where Big Data Beekeeping Converge

Where Big Data Beekeeping Converge by: Greg Yang on May 02, 2018 | 0 Comments Comments 264 Views May 2, 2018Ellie Symes of The Bee Corp. Courtesy photoData and beekeeping.These aren’t two things that you’d normally think go hand-in-hand. But that’s exactly what Ellie Symes is trying to change.Symes, a 2015 graduate of Indiana University, and two classmates started The Bee Corp to offer real-time data insights to beekeepers about the status of their hives.Honeybees are responsible for pollinating a third of the foods humans consume on a regular basis. Without bees, it would be nearly impossible to produce the foods that humans have come to rely on in their diet. Yet, today’s agriculture industry has introduced a number of pollutants and chemicals that have put the bee population at risk.â€Å"We wanted to spend our careers solving problems that matter to us,† Symes says. â€Å"Food issues were a major focus of my undergraduate studies. The bee keeping industry is a great fit for our interests because it directly impacts production of many staple foods in our diet.†The Bee Corp came into formation when her, Simon Kuntz, and Wyatt Wells were challenged by members of the IU Foundation to pursue their passion beyond the boundaries of the IU campus. They took their idea for The Bee Corp and entered a business-pitch competition, Building Entrepreneurs in Science and Technology (BEST), hosted by the School of Informatics Computing and the Kelley School of Business at IU. The Bee Crop won the grand-prize seed investment of $100,000, earning the teams initial seed fund.FILLING A DATA BEEKEEPING GAPSymes, Kuntz, and Wells noticed that there was little to no objective data collected on the health and activity of beehives, even though the beekeeping industry directly impacts the production of many staple foods.â€Å"Though there are a number of companies that offer sensors designed for beehives, no company had made much progr ess towards interpreting the data being collected,† Wells says. â€Å"We saw an opportunity to specialize in analyzing data collected from beehive sensors.†The sensors are built upon a series of algorithms that can interpret hive temperature data and classify various states found in the hive. With IoT sensors to process algorithms, The Bee Corp churns out real-time insights on the status of beekeepers’ hives.The Bee Corp co-founders pictured from left to right are Wells, Symes, and Kuntz. Courtesy photoWHERE SILICON VALLEY MEETS AGRICULTURETaking data and applying it to food production systems has revolutionized how farmers manage their production and make routine decisions. It’s become another big space for potential technological disruption and has been coined  AgTech.In a 2017 article by Wageningen University in the Netherlands, researchers discuss how AgTech has transformed the farming industry.â€Å"The Internet of Things development, wirelessly co nnecting all kind of objects and devices in farming and the supply chain, is producing many new data that are real-time accessible,† the study states. â€Å"These big amounts of data provide access to explicit information and decision-making capabilities at a level that was not possible before. Many new and innovative start-up companies are eager to sell and deploy all kind of applications to farmers of which the most important ones are related to sensor deployment, benchmarking, predictive modelling and risk management.†The Bee Corp saw the potential in AgTech to revolutionize the beekeeping industry.â€Å"This wave of tech adoption has not reached the beekeeping industry, despite its adjacency to agricultural production,† Wells says. â€Å"In order for the beekeeping industry to thrive alongside other agriculture industries in the 21st century, data-driven precision management must be incorporated.†SAVING THE WORLD IN ONE SEMESTERDuring her sophomore yea r at IU, Symes took a course titled â€Å"Saving the World in One Semester,† that would help spearhead her passion for beekeeping. Through the course, Symes met Professor David Rubinstein.Rubinstein says he saw a â€Å"generosity of spirit† in Symes as a student. He asked her to lead a project in the â€Å"Managing and Leading† course, where Symes guided student team to analyze and develop strategies for her startup efforts.â€Å"My students loved Ellies Bee Project,† Rubinstein says. â€Å"It brought ‘real’ and ‘now’ and ‘build for the future’ into the large lecture class and made the class intimate, hands-on, and can-do.†THE IMPORTANCE OF SPIRITAfter winning $100,000 from the business-pitch competition, Symes, Kuntz, and Wells set out to purchase hives for their own large-scale beehive operation and research. Fast forward two years and now The Bee Corp is working to develop their latest solution for Californ ia’s almond pollination, where 70% of the nation’s beehives are needed each year.Looking back at their journey, Symes, Kuntz, and Wells have made a lot of progress. But perhaps their greatest challenge thus far has been facing aversion to failure as entrepreneurs.â€Å"Coming from an academic setting where success criteria are concrete, deadlines are firm, and feedback is constant, it took a major adjustment to grow comfortable with self-accountability and motivation,† Wells says.Yet, in Rubinstein’s eyes, Symes and her team have what it takes to succeed in the entrepreneurial world.â€Å"Among the many insights I have learned from them is the importance of spirit,† he says. â€Å"Spirit alone is worthless but, without spirit, everything else is worthless. I want my students to work hard to change and brighten the world. Ellie is the living proof that possibilities can become real.†DONT MISS: TOP FEEDER SCHOOLS TO SILICON VALLEY or AT KELLEY , GAMES HELP SOLVE ETHICAL PUZZLES Page 1 of 11

Biography of Photographer Margaret Bourke-White

Margaret Bourke-White was a war correspondent and career photographer whose images represent major events in the 20th century. She was the first woman war photographer and the first woman photographer allowed to accompany a combat mission. Her iconic photographs include images of the Great Depression, World War II, Buchenwald concentration camp survivors, and Gandhi at his spinning wheel. Dates: June 14, 1904 - August 27, 1971Occupation: photographer, photojournalistAlso known as: Margaret Bourke White, Margaret White Early Life Margaret Bourke-White was born in New York as Margaret White.  She was raised in New Jersey. Her parents were members of the Ethical Culture Society in New York and had been married by its founding leader, Felix Adler. This religious affiliation suited the couple, with their mixed religious background and somewhat unconventional ideas, including full support for the education of women. College and First Marriage Margaret Bourke-White began her university education at Columbia University in 1921, as a biology major, but became fascinated with photography while taking a course at Columbia from Clarence H. White. She transferred to the University of Michigan, still studying biology, after her father died, using her photography to support her education. There she met an electrical engineering student, Everett Chapman, and they were married. The next year she accompanied him to Purdue University, where she studied biology and technology. The marriage broke up after two years, and Margaret Bourke-White moved to Cleveland where her mother was living and attended Western Reserve University (now Case Western Reserve University) in 1925. The following year, she went to Cornell, where she graduated in 1927 with an A.B. in biology. Early Career Though majoring in biology, Margaret Bourke-White continued to pursue photography through her college years. Photographs helped to pay for her college costs and, at Cornell, a series of her photographs of the campus was published in the alumni newspaper. After college, Margaret Bourke-White moved back to Cleveland to live with her mother, and, while working at the Museum of Natural History, pursued a freelance and commercial photography career. She finalized her divorce and changed her name. She added her mothers maiden name, Bourke, and a hyphen to her birth name, Margaret White, adopting Margaret Bourke-White as her professional name. Her photographs of mostly industrial and architectural subjects, including a series of photographs of Ohios steel mills at night, drew attention to Margaret Bourke-Whites work. In 1929, Margaret Bourke-White was hired by Henry Luce as the first photographer for his new magazine, Fortune. Margaret Bourke-White traveled to Germany in 1930 and photographed the Krupp Iron Works for Fortune. She then traveled on her own to Russia. Over five weeks, she took thousands of photos of projects and workers, documenting the Soviet Unions first Five Year Plan for industrialization. Bourke-White returned to Russia in 1931, at the invitation of the Soviet government, and took more photographs, concentrating this time on the Russian people. This resulted in her 1931 book of photographs, Eyes on Russia. She continued to publish photographs of American architecture, as well, including a famous image of the Chrysler Building in New York City. In 1934, she produced a photo essay on Dust Bowl farmers, marking a transition to more focus on human interest photographs. She published not only in Fortune but in Vanity Fair and The New York Times Magazine. Life Photographer Henry Luce hired Margaret Bourke-White in 1936 for another new magazine, Life, which was to be photograph-rich. Margaret Bourke-White was one of four staff photographers for Life, and her photograph of Fort Deck Dam in Montana graced the first cover on November 23, 1936. That year, she was named one of Americas ten most outstanding women.  She was to remain on staff of Life  until 1957, then semiretired but remained with Life until 1969. Erskine Caldwell In 1937, she collaborated with the writer Erskine Caldwell on a book of photographs and essays about southern sharecroppers in the midst of the Depression, You Have Seen Their Faces. The book, though popular, drew criticism for reproducing stereotypes and for misleading captions which quoted the subjects of photos with what were actually words of Caldwell and Bourke-White, not the people depicted. Her 1937 photograph of African Americans after the Louisville flood standing in line under a billboard touting the American way and the worlds highest standard of living helped draw attention to racial and class differences. In 1939, Caldwell and Bourke-White produced another book, North of the Danube, about Czechoslovakia before the Nazi invasion. That same year, the two were married and moved to a home in Darien, Connecticut. In 1941, they produced a third book, Say! Is This the U.S.A. They also traveled to Russia, where they were when Hitlers army invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, violating the Hitler-Stalin Non-aggression pact. They took refuge in the American embassy. As the only Western photographer present, Bourke-White photographed the siege of Moscow, including German bombardment. Caldwell and Bourke-White divorced in 1942. Margaret Bourke-White and World War II After Russia, Bourke-White traveled to North Africa to cover the war there. Her ship to North Africa was torpedoed and sunk. She also covered the Italian campaign. Margaret Bourke-White was the first woman photographer attached to the United States military. In 1945, Margaret Bourke-White was attached to General George Pattons Third Army when it crossed the Rhine into Germany, and she was present when Pattons troops entered Buchenwald, where she took photographs documenting the horrors there. Life published many of these, bringing those horrors of the concentration camp to the attention of the American and worldwide public. After World War II After the end of World War II, Margaret Bourke-White spent 1946 through 1948 in India, covering the creation of the new states of India and Pakistan, including the fighting that accompanied this transition. Her  photograph of Gandhi at his spinning wheel  is one of the best-known images of that Indian leader. She photographed Gandhi just hours before he was assassinated. In 1949-1950 Margaret Bourke-White traveled to South Africa for five months to photograph apartheid and mine workers. During the Korean War, in 1952, Margaret Bourke-White traveled with the South Korean Army, again photographing war for  Life  magazine. During the 1940s and 1950s, Margaret Bourke-White was among many who were targeted as suspected communist sympathizers by the FBI. Fighting Parkinsons It was in 1952 that Margaret Bourke-White was first diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. She continued photography until that became too difficult by the end of that decade, and then turned to writing. The last story she wrote for  Life  was published in 1957. In June of 1959,  Life  published a story on the experimental brain surgery intended to fight off the symptoms of her disease; this story was photographed by her long-time fellow  Life  staff photographer, Alfred Eisenstaedt. She published her autobiographical  Portrait of Myself  in 1963. She formally and fully retired from  Life  magazine in 1969 to her home in Darien and died in a hospital in Stamford, Connecticut, in 1971. Margaret Bourke-Whites papers are at Syracuse University in New York. Margaret Bourke-White Essential Information Background Family Mother: Minne Elizabeth  Bourke White, of English and Irish Protestant heritageFather: Joseph White, industrial engineer and inventor, of Polish Jewish heritage, raised as an Orthodox JewSiblings: two Education Public school in New JerseyPlainfield High School, Union County, New Jersey, graduated1921-22: Columbia University, majored in biology, took first class in photography1922-23: University of Michigan1924: Purdue University1925: (Case) Western Reserve University,  Cleveland1926-27: Cornell University, A.B. biology1948: Rutgers, Litt. D.1951: DFA, University of Michigan Marriage and Children Husband: Everett Chapman (married June 13, 1924, divorced 1926; electrical engineering student)Husband: Erskine Caldwell (married February 27, 1939, divorced 1942; writer)Children: none Books by Margaret Bourke-White Eyes on Russia. 1931.You Have Seen Their Faces, with Erskine Caldwell. 1937.North of the Danube, with Erskine Caldwell. 1939.Say! Is This the U.S.A., with Erskine Caldwell. 1941.Shooting the Russian War.  1942.They Called It Purple Heart Valley: A Combat Chronicle of the War in Italy. 1944.Dear Fatherland, Rest Quietly: A Report on the Collapse of Hitlers Thousand Years.  1946.Halfway to Freedom: A Study of the New India in the Words and Photographs of Margaret Bourke-White.  1949.A Report on the American Jesuits.  1956.Portrait of Myself. 1963. Books About Margaret Bourke-White Sean Callahan, editor.  The Photographs of Margaret Bourke-White.  1972.Vicki Goldberg.  Margaret Bourke-White.  1986.Emily Keller.  Margaret Bourke-White: A Photographers Life. 1996.Jonathan Silverman.  For the World to See: The Life of Margaret Bourke-White.  1983.Catherine A. Welch.  Margaret Bourke-White: Racing with a Dream. 1998. Film About Margaret Bourke-White Double Exposure: The Story of Margaret Bourke-White.  1989.

World War I Operation Michael

Following the collapse of Russia, General Erich Ludendorff was able to transfer west a large number German divisions from the Eastern Front. Aware that growing numbers of American troops would soon negate the numerical advantage Germany had gained, Ludendorff began planning a series of offensives to bring the war on the Western Front to a swift conclusion. Dubbed the Kaiserschlacht (Kaisers Battle), the 1918 Spring Offensives were to consist of four major assaults code-named Michael, Georgette, Gneisenau, and Blà ¼cher-Yorck. Conflict Dates Operation Michael commenced on March 21, 1918, and was the beginning of the German Spring Offensives during World War I (1914-1918). Commanders Allies Field Marshal Douglas HaigGà ©nà ©ralissime Ferdinand Foch Germans Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff Planning The first and largest of these offensives, Operation Michael, was intended to strike the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) along the Somme with the goal of cutting it off from the French to the south. The assault plan called for the 17th, 2nd, 18th, and 7th Armies to break through the BEFs lines then wheel northwest to drive toward the English Channel. Leading the attack would be special stormtrooper units whose orders called for them to drive deep into British positions, bypassing strong points, with the goal disrupting communications and reinforcements. Facing the German onslaught were General Julian Byng’s 3rd Army in the north and General Hubert Gough’s 5th Army in the south. In both cases, the British suffered from possessing incomplete trench lines as a result of an advance after the German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line the previous year. In the days prior to the assault, numerous German prisoners alerted the British about an impending attack. While some preparations were made, the BEF was unready for an offensive of the size and scope unleashed by Ludendorff. At 4:35 a.m.  on March 21, German guns opened fire along a 40-mile front. The Germans Strike Pummeling the British lines, the barrage caused 7,500 casualties. Advancing, the German assault centered on St. Quentin and the stormtroopers began penetrating the broken British trenches between 6:00 AM and 9:40 AM. Attacking from just north of Arras south to the Oise River, German troops achieved success across the front with the largest advances coming at St. Quentin and in the south. At the northern edge of the battle, Byngs men fought tenaciously to defend the Flesquieres salient which had been won in the bloody Battle of Cambrai. Conducting a fighting retreat, Goughs men were driven from their defensive zones along the front during the opening days of the battle. As the 5th Army fell back, the commander of the BEF, Field Marshal Douglas Haig, became concerned that a gap could open between Byng and Goughs armies. To prevent this, Haig ordered Byng to keep his men in contact with 5th Army even if it meant falling back farther than ordinarily necessary. On March 23, believing that a major breakthrough was in the offing, Ludendorff directed 17th Army to turn northwest and attack towards Arras with the goal of rolling up the British line. The 2nd Army was instructed to push west towards Amiens, while the 18th Army on its right was to push southwest. Though they had been falling back, Goughs men inflicted heavy casualties and both sides began to tire after three days of fighting. The German assault had come just to the north of the junction between the British and French lines. As his lines were pushed west, Haig became concerned that a gap could open between the Allies. Requesting French reinforcements to prevent this, Haig was denied by General Philippe Pà ©tain who was concerned about protecting Paris. The Allies Respond Telegraphing the War Office after Pà ©tains refusal, Haig was able to force an Allied conference on March 26 at Doullens. Attended by high-level leaders on both sides, the conference led to General Ferdinand Foch being appointed the overall Allied commander and the dispatch of French troops to aid in holding the line south of Amiens. As the Allies were meeting, Ludendorff issued highly ambitious new objectives to his commanders including the capture of Amiens and Compià ¨gne. On the night of March 26/27, the town of Albert was lost to the Germans though 5th Army continued to contest each bit of ground. Realizing that his offensive had departed from its original goals in favor of exploiting local successes, Ludendorff attempted to put it back on track on March 28 and ordered a 29-division assault against Byngs 3rd Army. This attack, dubbed Operation Mars, met with little success and was beaten back. That same day, Gough was sacked in favor of General Sir Henry Rawlinson, despite his able handling of 5th Armys retreat. On March 30, Ludendorff ordered the last major assaults of the offensive with General Oskar von Hutiers 18th Army attacking the French along the south edge of the newly created salient and General Georg von der Marwitzs 2nd Army pushing toward Amiens. By April 4, the fighting was centered in Villers-Bretonneux on the outskirts of Amiens. Lost to the Germans during the day, it was retaken by Rawlinsons men in a daring night attack. Ludendorff attempted to renew the attack the following day, but failed as Allied troops had effectively sealed the breaches caused by the offensive. Aftermath In defending against Operation Michael, Allied forces suffered 177,739 casualties, while the attacking Germans endured around 239,000. While the loss of manpower and equipment for the Allies was replaceable as American military and industrial power was brought to bear, the Germans were unable to replace the number lost. Though Michael succeeded in pushing the British back forty miles in some places, it failed in its strategic objectives. This was largely due to the German troops being unable to significantly dislodge Byngs 3rd Army in the north where the British enjoyed stronger defenses and the advantage of terrain. As a result, the German penetration, while deep, was directed away from their ultimate objectives. Not to be deterred, Ludendorff renewed his Spring Offensive on April 9 with the launching of Operation Georgette in Flanders. Sources History of War: Second Battle of the SommeAustralian War Memorial: Operation MichaelFirst World War: 1918

Biology Membrane Lab - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 528 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/19 Category Biology Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Introduction: In this lab i used glucose and starch to show if the cell membrane is permeable, impermeable, or selectively permeable to these substances. Dialysis tubing is a plastic like substance that has small pores in it. These pores allow certain chemicals to flow into and out of the cells. The size of the molecule determines what goes through the tubing. On of the materials that we will be using is glucose. glucose is a simple sugar that easily dissolves in water. To test for the presence of glucose we will use glucose test strips. The strip will change from an aqua blue color to a brown color if there is glucose in the solution. Starch is a complex molecule that forms from a suspension in the water. To test for the presence of starch I will use Lugols iodin. When it comes in contact with the water and turns black or blue thats how you know that starch is present. Hypothesis: We tested the cell membrane to see if it was permeable or impermeable to glucose, and starch . I predicted that The cell membrane will be impermeable to starch. It would be impermeable to starch because the dialysis tubing has small pores but the starch molecules are too big to fit through. The cell membrane will be permeable to glucose because the glucose molecules are are smaller than the pores in the dialysis tubing. Methods and Materials: The materials that we used are 2 cups, 2 pieces of dialysis tubing, water, glucose, glucose test strips, scales, lugols iodine, and a pipette. We tied one end of the glucose tubing, and put 2 inches of glucose solution into it then we tied the other side into a knot to close it up. With the second dialysis tube we did the same thing but with the starch solution. We then weighed the glucose cell, then the starch cell, and recorded the mass into the chart. After that we placed each cell into a seperate cup, and filled it with water. We let the cells sit in the cups overnight. The next day we got our cup with the glucose cell, we to ok a glucose test strip and dipped it into the water in the cup to test for glucose. Then we took the cell out of the water, weighed it, and recorded it in the chart. We took the cup with the starch cell and tested it for starch by using lugols iodine. We put 4 drops of the iodine into the cup. We took the starch cell and weighed it, then recorded it. Mass of Glucose and Starch Results: When I got my cups i got the glucose test strips and the iodine to test for the substances of starch and glucose. When we tested the glucose cell with the test strip it chaged to a brownish color. This means that glucose was present. When we put iodine into the cup that had the starch cell in it it didnt change to a black color, so this means that starch wasnt present. We then cut open the starch cell and the water turned black, and that showed us that starch was present. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Biology Membrane Lab" essay for you Create order

Exploring Key Areas Of Operations Management - 1543 Words

Introduction In this article we are going to analyse key areas of ‘Operations Management’, considering a British coffeehouse company: Costa Coffee. We will study its specific operations management strategic frameworks such as design of goods and services, location strategy, management quality, process and capacity design, layout strategy, inventory management, supply chain management and job design and evaluate its effect on both company’s success and productivity. Abstract Costa Coffee is a British multinational coffeehouse company. It is the second largest coffeehouse chain in the world and the biggest in the United Kingdom. The products and cafà © services from Costa Coffee are accessible all over the world. It sells first-class†¦show more content†¦- Goodwill among consumers due to Social Responsibly Initiatives: Their stores are community friendly, concentrated on recycling and reducing waste. They have goodwill among communities where they operate. Weaknesses: - Expensive Products: In the times of economic sluggishness, customers to have so switching costs to competitor’s products with lower costs and forgo paying a premium. It produce some weakness for it to succeed in developing countries. - Negative large corporation image: As a large corporation, Costa Coffee does come under increased analysis and have to invest in corporate social responsibility activates and keep tight control over labour practices. Opportunities: - Expansion into Developing Markets: Costa Coffee has made good inroad into several countries. Costa Coffee has a great evolution prospective in additional expanding into the emerging and developing markets. They can control their size, experience, financial ability and efficiencies to make new market share. - Brand extension Threats: - Increased Competition: This is the biggest threat that Costa Coffee faces with the market being at a maturity stage, there is increased pressure on Starbucks from its competitors like Dunkin’ Donuts and

Fundamental Analysis of Sugar Industry - 7540 Words

Preface Indian sugar industry, second largest agro-based processing industry after the cotton textiles industry in country, has a lions share in accelerating industrialization process and bringing socio-economic changes in under developed rural areas. Sugar industry covers around 7.5% of total rural population and provides employment to 5 lakh rural people. About 4.5 crore farmers are engaged in sugarcane cultivation in India. Sugar mills (cooperative, private, and public) have been instrumental in initiating a number of entrepreneurial activities in rural India. Present paper is an attempt as to review progress of sugar industry in India, understand its problems and challenges in context of ongoing liberalization process. Indian sugar†¦show more content†¦Besides the Indian urban market is slowly moving towards branded sugar. The potential in this segment seems to be very high. These trends along with the other trends like increase in the production of by-products have been capture d in detail. The market shares of the leading players and financials of following players are given in the report. INTRODUCTION TO FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS Fundamental analysis is the examination of the underlying forces that affect the well being of the company, industry groups and companies. As with most analysis the goal is to develop a forecast of future price movement and profit from it. At the company level, fundamental analysis may involve examination of financial data, management, business concept and competition. At the industry level their might be an examination of supply and demand forces of the products. For the national economy fundamental analysis might focus on economic data to asses the present and future growth of the economy. Fundamental analysis is a method of evaluating a security by attempting to measure its intrinsic value by examining related economy, financial and other qualitative and quantitative factors. Fundamental analysis attempt to study every thing that can affect the securities value including macro economic factors and individual specific factors. Three phase of the fundamental analysis A. Understanding of the Macro Economic environment andShow MoreRelated Business Plan for Electricity Generation from Biomass Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Overview ÂÆ'à ¦ Mission ÂÆ'à ¦ Vision ÂÆ'à ¦ Execution Plan ÂÆ'à ¦ Management Strategy ÂÆ'à ¦ Market opportunity ÂÆ'à ¦ Feasibility and Financial Analysis ÂÆ'à ¦ Risks associated ÂÆ'à ¦ Mitigating the risks ÂÆ'à ¦ Future Plans Executive Summary Business Overview Energy, especially from fossil fuels, is a key ingredient for all sectors of a modern economy and plays a fundamental role in improving the quality of life in less developed economies. In 2007, India is ranked fifth in the world in terms of energy demand;Read MorePorters Five Forces Analysis Of Pepsico1241 Words   |  5 Pagesnon-alcoholic beverage industry using Porter’s Five Force Analysis allows for assessment and adjustment to the strategic plans implemented to sustain competitive advantage. Porter’s Five Forces model helps outline the competitiveness of the current market through analysis of the industry rivalry between companies, supplier power, buyer power, threat of substitution, and the threat of new entries (Strategic Planning Tools, 2009). All of these forces affect not only a company but an industry. To begin, competitiveRead MoreCoca-Cola’s Water Neutrality Initiative Essay669 Words   |  3 Pagesview; profitability was not a concern. These stake holders were concerned with long term effects of demand on the water supply and contamination of water runoff. 2. The Coca Cola Company (TCCC) seemed to that it did not do deep environmental analysis before they operated in the state of Kerla. When applied the strategic radar screens model for this case, the Geophysical and Social environments would be most significant. Because the company is faced with concerns of how they are using the Earth’sRead MoreKelloggs ® Special K ® Target Market Report1595 Words   |  7 Pagesalimentation contain in the breakfast cereal, nowadays most of the people are concentrate on it as taking it for breakfast. In this report, I’m going to segment on breakfast cereal industry base on the combination of geographical, demographic, psychographic and behavioral variables. I would like also select one product from the industry itself and describe how the product is positioned. The product that I have been chosen is Kellogg’s – Special K, which is manufactured by The Kellogg Company itself. 1Read MoreSocial Analysis1489 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Analysis Assignment Social analysis means taking the time, habit, to question what is happening in the world around us. It means asking questions about society and looking for answers about whats going on and who it affects. Social analysis not only helps us develop a critical awareness of the world, but also to lead us toward social justice. When analyzing these questions it often brings out other links, or connections between different social issues, and this helps us dig beneathRead MoreGrowth in Sugar Industry4177 Words   |  17 PagesSummary In an era where there is a need for inclusive growth, the sugar industry is amongst the few industries that have successfully contributed to the rural economy. It has done so by commercially utilizing the rural resources to meet the large domestic demand for sugar and by generating surplus energy to meet the increasing energy needs of India. In addition to this, the industry has become the mainstay of the alcohol industry. The sector supports over 50 milli on farmers and their families, andRead MoreCoca Cola Comprehensive Marketing Plan930 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: COCA-COLA COMPREHENSIVE MARKETING PLAN 1 COCA-COLA COMPREHENSIVE MARKETING PLAN 2 Coca-Cola Comprehensive Marketing Plan Hieu Le Columbia Southern University Coca-Cola Comprehensive Marketing Plan Industry Analysis Coca- Cola is a world largest soft drinks company, which holds approximate 62 percent of the market share. The firm owns most popular brands like Coke, Sprite, Dr. Pepper, and Fants. Additionally, Coca-Cola has added other exotic brands include Powerade and DasaniRead MoreFactors Affecting The Business Operations And Decision Making Of The Organization Essay1399 Words   |  6 PagesPEST or PESTLE analysis (political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental) It is a strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. The PEST is an analysis done to an organization but can also be related to several departments altogether. PEST analysis includes four factors: †¢ Political factors are basically how the government intervenes in the economy. Specifically, political stability, tax policy, employmentRead MoreCase Study Of Haigh s Chocolates Sell This Wide Range Of More Than 200 Products At Its 14 Retails Outlets1503 Words   |  7 PagesGermany that roasts the beans and isolates the husks and used to make chocolate that is finished, boxed deliberately by hand and delivered to every store (Fanning, 2014). In order to be a sustainable marketer, they source ingredients, for example, sugar, milk powder, dried foods grown from Australian markets only. Hence, the main marketing strategies followed by Haigh’s chocolate are selling directly to its consumers, consistent innovation to match changing tastes of consumers, product differentiationRead MoreResearch on Fast Food Restaurants3500 Words   |  14 Pageswomen food buying and cooking behavior 12. Effects of employee smiling on customer satisfaction with the transaction in banks and cellular industry of (country name) 13. Effects of gender on family buying decision 14. Effects of recession on consumer buying behavior 15. Factors effecting positive and negative word of mouth in restaurant industry 16. The effect of brand image on consumer taste preference 17. The effect of recession on promotional activities 18. The effect of recession

Tele-Immersion Essay Sample free essay sample

Tell-immersion is an advanced signifier of practical world that will let users in different topographic points to interact in existent clip in a shared fake environment. This engineering causes users to experience as if they were in the same room. The tele-immersion engineering uses a â€Å"tele-cubicle† which is equipped with big screens. scanners. detectors. and cameras. The tele-cubicles are linked together in real-time so that they form one larger cell. Through the practical environment. participants are able to interact with other group members. Besides. practical objects and informations can be passed through the walls between participants. and placed on the shared tabular array in the center for sing. Tele-immersion has the possible to significantly impact on Fieldss like Education and Training. Molecular Engineering. Virtual atomic trial. Virtual schoolroom. Army preparation. Art and Entertainment. Virtual game. Industrial Design All of these research workers use Internet 2. Internet 2 is the replacement to the â€Å"commodity Internet† . We will write a custom essay sample on Tele-Immersion Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page as the bing Internet is now known. Internet 2 is a collaborative undertaking. overseen by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development. and worked on by 130 US universities and a figure of authorities bureaus and corporate patrons. Introduction:Teleimmersion is a engineering that will be implemented with internet2 it will enable users in different geographic locations to come together and interact in a fake holographic environment. Users will experience as if they are really looking. speaking and run intoing with each other face to face in the same topographic point. even though they may be stat mis apart physically. In a teleimmersive environment. computing machine recognized the presence and motions of persons every bit good as physical and practical objects. They can so track these people and inanimate objects. and project them in a realistic manner across many geographic locations. The three stairss to building a holographic environment are: The computing machine recognizes the presence and motions of people and objects. The computing machine paths those images. The computing machine undertakings those images on a strereoimmersive surface. 3D Reconstruction for teleimmersion is performed utilizing stereo. which mean two or more cameras rapid consecutive shootings of the same objects. continuously executing distance computations. and projecting them into the computing machine. Fake environment to retroflex existent clip motions. By uniting cameras and Internet telephone. picture conferencing has allowed existent clip exchange of more information than of all time. without physically conveying each individual into one cardinal room. TELEIMMERSION Its 2010 and you have a really of import meeting with your concern associates in Chennai. However you have visitants from Japan coming to ink a mega concern trade the same twenty-four hours. So you go to a room you call the holodeck. There. inside a fake environment. you contact your concern associates utilizing information engineering. You are able to carry on a meeting with them about as if you in Chennai. You even agitate custodies with their holographic images. because they seem to be right at that place! With teleimmersion you will interact immediately with your friend on the other side of the Earth through a fake holographic environment. This engineering. which will come along with internet2. will alter the manner we work. survey and acquire medical aid. It will alter the manner we live History:It was manner back in 1965 that the great innovator of computing machine artworks. Ivan Sutherland. proposed the construct of the ‘ultimate display’ . It described a artworks show that would let the user to see a wholly computing machine rendered environment. In 1998. Abilene. a anchor research undertaking. was launched and now serves as a base for Internet2 research. Internet2 needed an application that would dispute and stretch its networks’ capablenesss. The caput of advanced web and services proposed teleimmersion at the application that could drive internet2 research forward. That is how the national teleimmersion enterprise as formed in may2000. research workers at the Universities of North Carolina ( UNC ) . the Universities of Pennsylvania and advanced web and services reached a milepost in developing this engineering. A user posing in an office at UNC in Chapel Hill. NC. was able to see life like. 3D images of co-workers 100s of stat mis off. one in Philadelphia and the other in New York. Today scientists are still developing this new communicating engineering. There are several groups working together on the national teleimmersion enterprise ( NTII ) to do this fantastic engineering available to the common work forces. Components of a Holographic Environment:Teleimmersive shows of earlier yearss required user to have on particular goggles and a caput device that tracked the position point of the user looking at the screen. At the other terminal. the people. who appeared as 3d image. where tracked with and array of 8 ordinary picture cameras while three other picture cameras captured existent life forms projected in each room to cipher distance. This enabled the proper deepness to the recreated on the screen. So if an perceiver move here caput to the left. she could see the corresponding image that would be seen if she were really in the room with the individual on the screen. Positions of cameras Teleimmersed environment Scientists are developing new engineerings support this type of communicating. Apart of these new engineerings is: Telecubical:Users will pass on by utilizing this engineering. It consist of a Stereo immersive desk surface and two stereoimmersive wall surfaces. These three show surfaces join to organize a practical conference tabular array in the Centre. This will let the realistic inclusion of teleimmersion into the work environment. as it will take up the usual sum of desk infinite. Internet2:This will replace the current cyberspace substructure. It is a pool made up of the US authorities. industry and academe ( 180universities ) that has been formed for making tomorrow’s cyberspace. This new web will hold a higher bandwidth and velocities that are 1000 times faster than today’s cyberspace. This high bandwidth. high velocity web is necessary to reassign the big sums of informations that teleimmersion will bring forth. Bandwidth issues:Network bandwidth required to do teleimmersion work is one of the chief concerns of this new engineering. It is estimated that every bit much as 1. 2 Gbits per sec will be needed for future high quality effects. This is much higher than the mean place connexion bandwidth. The exact sum of bandwidth needed for each scene depends on the complexness of the background. With clip. the figure of Mbits used will fall as advanced compaction techniques are established. Currently. the ‘last mile’ of web connexions for top computing machine scientific discipline sections in US use an OC3 line. This can transport 155 Mbits per second and supports. at a basic degree. a three manner conversation. Although OC3 lines are 100 times faster than normal broadband. they are besides more expensive Innitially bandwidth-intensive application will hold to be limited to the larger organisations that can afford high connexion velocities. The sum of informations sent to render this telepresence will besides necessitate fast treating power. This will necessitate to be available as required on the cyberspace. A new web called the Grid could be a solution. The Grid will utilize distributed computer science. There are non adequate supercomputers to ideal with the tremendous sum of informations that will hotfoot through the net in the hereafter. As a solution. new web will link their Personal computers so they can portion treating power and difficult disc infinite. They will be locked into a grid-effectively making one supercomputer. Display engineerings: stereo immersive shows would hold to show a clear position of the scenes being transmitted. Haptic detectors: would let to touch projections as if they were existent. Desktop supercomputers:would execute the millions of computations needed to make a holographic environment. A web of computing machines that portion power could besides perchance back up these environments. How Teleimmersion Works: In this simplified strategy for how a future teleimmersion strategy might work. two spouses separated by 1. 000 stat mis collaborate on a new engine design. Following the flow of information teleimmersion depends on intense informations processing at each terminal of a connexion. mediated by high public presentation web. From the transmitter: Parallel processors accept ocular inputs from the cameras and re-explain the scene as a three-dimensional computing machine theoretical account. To the receiving system:Specific rendition of distant people and topographic points are synthesized from the theoretical account as it is received to fit the point of position of each oculus of a user. The whole procedure repeats many times a 2nd to maintain up with the user caput gesture. Array of cameras Generating the 3-D Image: 1. An array of cameras positions people and their milieus from different angle. Each camera generates an image from its point of position many times in a 2nd. 2. Each set of the images taken at * given blink of an eye is sorted into subsets of overlapping threes of images 3. From each three of images. a â€Å"disparity map† is calculated. reflecting the grade of fluctuation among the images at all points in the Disparity map ocular field. The disparities are so analyzed to give deepnesss that would account for the differences between what each camera sees. These deepness values are combined into a â€Å"bas relief† deepness map of the scene. 4. all the deepness maps are combined into a individual point of view independent sculptural theoretical account of the scene at a given minute. Procedure of uniting the deepness mapsProvide maps chances Applications: Teleimmersive holographic environment have a figure of applications. Imagine a picture game free of control sticks. in which you become a participant in the game. contending monsters or hiting touchdowns. Alternatively of going 100s of stat mis to see your relations during the vacations. you can merely name them up and fall in them in a shared holographic room. Doctors and Soldiers could utilize teleimmersion to develop in a fake environment. Building inspectors could tour constructions without populating their desks. Car interior decorators from different continents could run into to develop the following coevals of vehicles. Surgeons apathetic geographical infinite could experiment with practical medical processs before working on existent patients. Medical engineerings that are physically unaccessible in some topographic points could be used to salvage lives by pull stringsing practical theoretical accounts. case. seaward drill rigs and ships. In the amusement industry. dance hall terpsichoreans could develop together from separate physical infinites. Alternatively of transposing to work for a board meeting. concern individuals could go to it by projecting themselves into the conference room. The list of applications is big and varied. and one thing is crystal clear- this engineering will significantly impact the educational. scientific and medical sectors. Medicine:Teleimmersion can be huge use the field of medical specialty. The manner medical specialty is thought and practiced has ever been really hands-on. It is impossible to handle a patient over the phone or give instructions for a tumor to be removed without physically being at that place. With the aid of teleimmersion. 3d surgical acquisition for practical operation is now in topographic point and. in the hereafter. the hope is to be able to transport out existent surgery on existent patients. A geographically distanced sawbones could be teleimmersed into an operation theater to execute an operation. This could patiently be life salvaging if the patient is in demand of particular attention ( either a technique or a piece of equipment ) . which is non available at the peculiar location. Teleimmersion ‘will give sawboness the ability to superpose anatomic images rights on their patients will they are being operated on’ . The statement against this is: how dependable is this engineering? What would be the legal deduction if the engineering fails all of a sudden and the teleimmersed sawbones disappears in the center of an operation. with the patient left without medical aid? How accurate are the motions of the transported physician when within an environment? Will the physician be able to feel a patient’s temper and feelings? These are hard inquiries to reply and there are bond to be many sceptics Uses in Education: In instruction. teleimmersion can be used to convey together pupils at remote sites in a individual environment relationship among educational establishments could better enormously in the hereafter with the usage of teleimmersion. Already. the academic universe is sharing information on research and development to better the terminal consequences. Teleimmersion will merely advance this coaction. This will be distinguishable advantage in surgical preparation. While it will non replace the custodies on preparation. this engineering will give sawboness a opportunity to larn complex state of affairss before the dainty their patients. With teleimmersion in schools. pupils could hold entree to data or command a telescope from a distant location. or run into the pupils from other states by projecting themselves into a foreign infinite. Internet2 will supply entree to digital libraries and labs. opening up the lines of communicating for pupils. Teleimmersion will convey to them topographic point. equipment and state of affairss earlier non available. assisting them see what they could hold merely watched. read or heard about earlier. Future Office:In old ages to come. alternatively of inquiring for a co-worker on the phone you will happen it easier to teach your computing machine to happen him. Once you do that. you will likely see a spark on one of your office walls and happen that your co-worker. who’s physically present in another metropolis. is sitting right across you as if he is right at that place. The individual at the other terminal will see the same immersive connexion. With the teleimmersion conveying two or more distant people together in a individual. fake office puting concern travel will go rather excess. Video conferencing via cyberspace is non a perfect signifier of communicating. The image is closed to existent clip but there are holds that cause distorted picture. Besides. if person walks out of the position of a camera the individual is no longer seeable. However. with teleimmersion. people will ever stay in position of the camera and you will be able to look around their office merely by looking at the show screen from different angles. Teleimmersion takes picture conferencing to a higher degree it is a dynamic construct. which will transform the manner worlds interact with each other and the universe in general. Teleimmersion and Virtual World:Tele-immersion sound like practical world but there are major differences between the two engineerings. While practical world allows you to travel in a computer-generated 3-D environment. teleimmersion can merely make a 3d environment that you can see but non interact with. However. interaction is possible by uniting the two engineerings. Decision: When tele-immersion becomes platitude. it will likely enable a broad assortment of of import applications. Teams of applied scientists might join forces at great distances on computerized designs for new machines that can be tinkered with as though they were existent theoretical accounts on a shared work bench. Archeologists from around the universe might see being present during a important excavation. Rarefied experts in constructing review or engine fix might be able to see locations without losing clip to air travel. In fact. tele-immersion might come to be seen as existent competition for air travel–unlike videoconferencing. Although few would claim that tele-immersion will be perfectly every bit good as â€Å"being there† in the close term. it might be good plenty for concern meetings. professional audiences. preparation Sessionss. trade show exhibits and the similar. Business travel might be replaced to a important grade by tele-immersion in 10 old ages. This is non merely because tele-immersion will go better and cheaper but because air travel will confront bounds to growing because of safety. land usage and environmental concerns. Undoubtedly tele-immersion will present new challenges every bit good. Some early users have expressed a concern that tele-immersion unmaskings excessively much. that telephones and videoconferencing tools make it easier for participants to command their exposure–to put the phone down or travel off-screen. We are hopeful that with experience we will detect both user-interface designs and conventions of behaviour that reference such possible jobs.

The in-Vitro Acetylcholine Antagonism Study of Tomato Essay Sample free essay sample

Bronchial asthma is a chronic backsliding inflammatory upset with increased reactivity of tracheobronchial tree to assorted stimulations. ensuing in paroxysmal contraction of bronchial air passages. It refers to a status of topics with widespread narrowing of the bronchial airways which alterations in badness over short periods of clip. either spontaneously or under intervention. and is non due to cardiovascular disease Harmonizing to the CDC. more than 22 million Americans. including 6. 5 million kids under 18. suffer with asthma today. Allergy clearly plays an of import function in many asthma instances but non in all. Although drug-induced bronchospasm occurs most normally in patients with known asthma. the agents themselves may bring forth asthma. The best-known of these is aspirin. but several other anti-inflammatory agents have been implicated. Tomatos are normally used for cooking. They are rich in lycopene and glutamate which is why they are both healthy and delightful. Although tomatoes are perceived as veggies. We will write a custom essay sample on The in-Vitro Acetylcholine Antagonism Study of Tomato Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page fact is. they are fruits. They are made in different signifiers such as tomato sauce. tomato juice. tomato soup. sundried tomatoes. canned tomatoes and many more. They contain such wellness benefits. one of which is its ability to handle asthma. So many people suffer from this sort of illness. and sometimes. it causes an individual’s decease. The medicine for asthma is expensive. therefore we. the research workers. decided to look into whether the tomato juice infusion can be used as a replacement anti-asthma medical specialty. Statement of the Problem:Basically. the job of the research workers in this survey is to find whether there is any scientific footing for the folkloric claim that Solanum Lycopersicon ( Plum Tomato ) possesses anti-asthma ( bronchodilating ) belongings comparable to the herbal criterion bronchodilator. which is Vitex negundo ( Lagundi aqueous ) infusion. Aims: Specifically. it sought to: 1. Compare the hostility consequence of tomato given in different dose rates with acetylcholine treated duodenum of rats.2. Determine the one-dimensionality consequence of increasing dose rates of tomato against supramaximal contracted duodenum.3. Compare the average hostility consequence of different dose rates against the supramaximal contracted duodenum.4. Compute for the ED 50 of the tomato fruit infusion. Significance of the Survey:The survey seeks to turn out the folkloric claim of tomato fruits or effectual bronchodilator. When proven successful. this survey will profit the people who can non afford to purchase expensive anti-asthma medical specialties since tomatoes are abundant in the vicinity. Furthermore. there will be now more picks of autochthonal workss that can alleviate asthma. aside from the Indian Mango and Lagundi foliages. Scope and Restriction:This survey is limited to the usage of the tomato fruit infusion of the â€Å"Plum† tomato assortment. It is besides limited to the finding of pharmacologic consequence ( bio-assay ) of a drug. an in-vitro bio-assay type of survey of tomato fruit infusion utilizing the duodenum of five ( 5 ) ICR Albino rats. Hypothesiss:Nothing: There is no important difference in the bronchodilating of tomato fruit infusion and Lagundi.Option: The tomato fruit infusion is a better bronchodilator compared to Lagundi. Chapter IIIMethodologyMaterials: 1. 2 kg of tomato fruits2. Acetylcholine concentration3. Physiologic saline solution – Tyrode Solution dwelling of solutions A and B A:Sodium Chloride or NaCl = 80 gramCalcium Chloride or CaCl = 2 gramPotassium Chloride or KCl = 2gmsMagnesium Chloride or MgCl? = 0. 1gms Bacillus:Sodium Carbonate or NaHCO? = 10gmsSodium Phosphate or NaH2PO4 = 0. 5gms 4. 8 litres of distilled H2O5. 5 stray rat duodenum tissue 14Apparatus:1. Muscle warmer – container of the tissue ( broken fluorescent bulb ) 2. Oxygenator – O armored combat vehicle. regulator ground tackle glass tubing 3. Changeless temperature bath4. 2 laboratory thermometers 0-50 ° C5. Analytic balance6. Glassware:1000ml graduated cylinder500ml beakerTuber culin syringeStiring rodGlass tubing’s Y or T tubing7. Surgical setup:Needle ( 1round. 1 curve )Iris scissors ( 1 curved. 1 heterosexual )8. Electrical:2 = 50 W2H bulb2 = sockets ( female )9. Kymograph – electrical ( 1 )10. Heart lever11. Clamps: pinchcock ( 3 ) . prison guard clinch ( 3 ) .15Hoffman’s screw12. Iron base Procedure: 1. Two kgs of tomatoes were washed and squeezed off their juice utilizing fabric. The juice extracted was farther strained from foreign stuffs. 2. The Tyrode solutions and acetylcholine were prepared. 3. The Kymograph machine was set up by preheating at 37 grade centigrade and was maintained. 4. The rats were decapitated and excised of mere duodenum at approximative length of 25mm 5. Immerse duodenum specimen in Physiologic Saline Solution and carefully rinse off content and cutting fatty tissues attached to the duodenum specimen. 6. Leash by polyester thread the duodenum specimen and ground it to the lever consequently. 7. Let 1 ? hr stabilisation clip and rinse it off several times until a changeless baseline is obtained. Explore for the supramaximal dosage of acetylcholine utilizing dose rates as: 0. 2ml. 0. 4ml. 0. 8ml and 1. 6ml merely. E. g. 0. 2ml from concentration of 1:1. 000 acetylcholine solutions. Let a 1-minute reaction clip after rinsing it to the baseline. 8. Get down proving for suppression and step in millimeter amplitude for 3 proceedingss utilizing dose rates at 0. 2ml/50ml tyrode. 0. 4ml/50ml tyrode. 0. 8ml/50ml tyrode and 1. 6ml/50ml tyrode severally. If from any of those rates cause 50 % amplitude of suppression. stop up for another duodenum 9. Compute for the Percent Amplitude Inhibition ( Mean Percent Inhibition ) rate and secret plan on a log probit paper and compare it to the standard curve. Test drug base on ballss ED50 criterion if it falls within – or + 25 % scope. Bibliography: 0http: //www. histopathology-india. net/BrAs. htm 0http: //www. webmd. com/asthma/guide/bronchial-asthma 0http: //respiratory-lung. health-cares. net/bronchial-asthma. php 0Past fact-finding undertakings at the High School Library 0http: //www. wikipedia. com/tomatoes. hypertext markup language Chapter IIReview of Related LiteratureBronchial asthma is a disease caused by increased reactivity of the tracheobronchial tree to assorted stimulations. The consequence is paroxysmal bottleneck of the bronchial air passages. Bronchial asthma is the more right name for the common signifier of asthma. The term ‘bronchial’ is used to distinguish it from ‘cardiac’ asthma. which is a separate status that is caused by bosom failure. Although the two types of asthma have similar symptoms. including wheezing ( a whistle sound in the thorax ) and shortness of breath. they have rather different causes. Bronchial asthma is a disease of the lungs in which an clogging airing perturbation of the respiratory passages evokes a feeling of shortness of breath. The cause is a aggressively elevated opposition to airflow in the air passages. Despite its most strenuous attempts. the respiratory muscular structure vitamin E is unable to supply sufficient gas exchange. The consequence is a characteristic asthma onslaughts. with cramps of the bronchial muscular structure. dropsical puffiness of the bronchial wall and increased mucous secretion secernment. In the initial phase. the patient can be wholly symptom-free for long periods of clip in the intervals between the onslaughts. As the disease progresses. increased mucous secretion is secreted between onslaughts every bit good. which in portion builds up in the air passages and can so take to secondary bacterial infections. Bronchial asthma is normally intrinsic ( no cause can be demonstrated ) . but is on occasion caused by a specific allergic reaction ( such as allergic reaction to model. dander. dust ) . Although most persons with asthma will hold some positive allergic reaction trials. the allergic reaction is non needfully the cause of the asthma symptoms. Symptoms can happen spontaneously or can be triggered by respiratory infections. exercising. cold air. baccy fume or other pollutants. emphasis or anxiousness. or by nutrient allergic reactions or drug allergic reactions. The musculuss of the bronchial tree become tight and the liner of the air passages become conceited. cut downing airflow and bring forthing the wheezing sound. Mucus production is increased. Typically. the single normally breathes comparatively usually. and will hold periodic onslaughts of wheezing. Asthma onslaughts can last proceedingss to yearss and can go unsafe is the airflow becomes badly restricted. Treatment is aimed at avoiding known allergens and commanding symptoms through medicine. A assortment of medicines for intervention of asthma are available. Peoples with mild asthma ( infrequent onslaughts ) may utilize inhalators on an as-needed footing. Persons with important asthma ( symptoms occur at least every hebdomad ) should be treated with anti-inflammatory medicines. sooner inhaled corticoids. and so with bronchodilators such as inhaled Alupent or Vanceril. Acute terrible asthma may necessitate hospitalization. O. and endovenous medicines. Tomatos: Most people realize that tomatoes are healthy for them that they have a figure of of import substances that help us remain off from cardiovascular disease. malignant neoplastic diseases. cataracts and other wellness concerns. We are happening that tomatoes contain so many critical foods and we are coming to recognize how of import it is to hold tomatoes as portion of a wellness diet. When you eat tomatoes. it is the colour in them that makes them so good for you. The colour comes from lycopene which is besides found to be an unbelievable antioxidant. Antioxidants block the consequence of O free groups in the cells and hence. barricade the harm they can make to cells that cause malignant neoplastic disease in the right fortunes. This is why tomatoes appear to hold cancer-fighting belongingss. The astonishing thing about lycopene is that it is about twice a good as many of the other antioxidants in nutrients. It has been found by research to be effectual in forestalling chest malignant neoplastic disease. lung malignant neoplastic disease and prostate malignant neoplastic disease. Lycopene is effectual against aging every bit good. A plum tomato ( Solanum Lycopersicon ) . besides known as a processing tomato or paste tomato. is a type of tomato bred for sauce and wadding intents. They are by and large egg-shaped or cylindrical in form. with significantly fewer seed compartments than standard unit of ammunition tomatoes ( normally merely two ) and a by and large higher solid content. doing them more suited for processing. Plum tomatoes are besides sometimes favored by cooks for usage during the tomato off-season. as they are by and large considered more conformable to managing and are hence available in a province closer to ripe than other supermarket tomatoes. Harmonizing to researches around the WWW ( World Wide Web ) . tomatoes have the ability to bring around asthma. Although. research workers haven’t done any survey yet to turn out that tomatoes are truly capable of bring arounding asthma. and so it remains as a folkloric claim. Lagundi ( scientific name: Vitex negundo ) is a bush that grows in the Philippines. It is one of the 10 herbal medical specialties endorsed by the Philippine Department of Health as an effectual herbal medical specialty with proved curative value. Normally known in the Ilocos part as Dangla. lagundi has been clinically tested to be effectual in the intervention of colds. grippe. bronchial asthma. chronic bronchitis. and sore throat. Surveies have shown that Lagundi can forestall the body’s production of leukotrienes. which are released during an asthma onslaught. Lagundi contains Chrysoplenol D. a substance with anti-histamine and musculus relaxant belongingss. Even in Japan. lagundi is going recognized as an effectual herbal medical specialty. particularly since researches have shown that it contains belongingss that make it an expectorant and it has been reported to map as a quinine water every bit good. More than that. most of the parts of the lagundi works are associated with medicative value. The roots of this bush are besides used as intervention for rheumatism. indigestion. furuncles. and leprosy. The foliages. flowers. seeds. and root of Lagundi can wholly be used as herbal medical specialty. Chapter IVConsequences and DiscussionThe chapter presents the informations obtained. and the analysis of this information.Table 1 shows the average per centum hostility of the different interventions of tomato against the acetylcholine supramaximal contracted duodenum of rats. Table 1. Average Percent Antagonism to the Acetylcholine Contracted Duodenum with Different Application of Tomato Treatments. Treatments Mean Percent Antagonism|Treatment 133. 6Treatment 248. 2Treatment 367. 2Treatment 490. 4As seen in Table 1. the highest hostility was obtained with intervention 4 ( 1. 6ml / 50ml PSS ) with a average consequence of 90. 4 and the lowest was obtained with intervention 1 ( 0. 2ml/ 50ml PSS ) at 33. 6. Beginning of variance| DF| SS| Ms| F- Ratio| |Between treatments| 4| 80. 701| 20. 175. 25| 5. 75HS| 3. 014. 77| Between replications| 16| -56. 106. 36| 3506. 64| | | Total| 20| | | | | Table 3 shows the Analysis of discrepancy. This shows a important F ratio of 5. 75. This means that the different interventions of tomato had different consequence on per centum hostility. Figure 1 shows that the increasing dosage had a corresponding addition consequence on per centum hostility. The ED 50 was found to be 0. 8ml / kilogram. The effectual hostility consequence to the acetylcholine contracted duodenum suggests that the mechanism by which wheezing onslaughts caused by acetylcholine undertaking the bronchioles is relieved by application of bronchodilating agents. In this survey. the hostility to the acetylcholine medicated duodenum of rats corroborated the phenomenal alleviation of asthma onslaughts. Chapter VDecision: Based on the consequence of the survey. the undermentioned decisions were drawn: 1. Different dose rates of tomato application had different consequence on per centum hostility affect with highest consequence of 90. 4 ( 1. 6ml / 50ml PSS ) . 2. the lowest consequence was obtained at 0. 2ml / 50ml PSS at 33. 6 3. Addition of dose rates increases the per centum hostility consequence 4. The ED 50 is 0. 8 ml / 50ml PSS Recommendations: 1. It is strongly recommended that reproductions of this investigatory undertaking should be done to turn out consistence of consequences therefore beef uping the decision that the infusion of the Tomato Fruit are good. 2. It is besides recommended that another investigatory undertaking related to this survey must be done which aims to find the Oral LD 50 ( Lethal Dose 50 ) but this clip it is a Quantitative Bioassay In-Vivo Type of Experiment. Lethal Dose 50 means the does by which 50 % of the experimental animate beings will decease. There is as yet no Animal Toxicity Studies that were done on the tomato fruit. The In-Vitro Acetylcholine Antagonism Study of Tomato ( Solanum Lycopersicon ) compared to Lagundi ( Vitex negundo L ) Using Rat Duodenum An Entry to the Division Science FairSeptember 9-10. 2010 Bunch I – life ScienceTeam Class Fatima JamsuriJudiel BugnayJosephine Dumlao( Advocates ) Mrs. Rita Daliwag( Adviser )Abstraction: In this survey the over-all aim is to find and compare the bronchodilating consequence of Tomato fruit infusion with that of Lagundi foliage infusion utilizing stray tissue experinment. This survey utilizes an experimental design. which is a quantitative type of bioassay in-Vitro type of experiment. The sedative or loosen uping consequence ( bronchodilator consequence ) of one hundred per centum decoction or aqueous infusion of Tomato fruit infusion ( Solanum Lycopersicum ) on Five ( 5 ) supramaximally contracted stray rat duodenums was determined and was compared with that of the sedative or relaxing ( bronchodilator consequence ) of one hundred per centum decoction or aqueous infusion of Lagundi foliages ( Vitex negundo L. ) Acetylcholine was used to supramaximally contract the duodenum. Increasing doses of 100 % tomato fruit aqueous infusion was applied to the stray rat duodenum. which was suspended in a physiological salt solution. and the depressant consequence was determined which can be measured by the length of relaxation in millimetres get downing from the maximal tallness of supramaximal contraction besides in millimetres. The per centum suppression in the full five ( 5 ) rat duodenums was so computed for each of the four ( 4 ) dosage degrees ( 0. 2ml. 0. 4ml. 0. 8ml. and 1. 6ml ) . Percent suppression was determined by spliting the length of relaxation by the length of supramaximal for each contraction for each dose degree. Finally. the average per centum suppression for each dose degree of five ( 5 ) rat duodenums was computed and plotted in a dose response curve. The dose response curve of 100 % tomato fruit infusion or aqueous infusion was compared to that of the criterion dosage response curve of 100 % Lagundi leaves extract or aqueous infusion.

Add a MySQL Column Using the Add Column Command

Add a MySQL Column Using the Add Column Command The command add column  is used to add an additional column to any given MySQL table. To do this, you must specify the column name  and type. Note:  The  add column  command is sometimes referred to as  additional column  or  new column. How to Add a MySQL Column Adding a column to an existing table is done with this syntax: alter table add column [new column name] [type]; Heres an example: alter table icecream add column flavor varchar (20) ; What this example would end up doing is adding the column flavor to the table icecream, just as it says above. It would be in the database varchar  (20) format. Know, however, that the column clause is not required. So, you could instead use add [new column name]..., like this: alter table icecream add flavor varchar (20) ; Adding a Column After an Existing Column Something you may prefer to do is add a column after a specified existing column. So, if youd like to add the column  flavor  after one called  size, you could do something like this: alter table icecream add  column flavor varchar (20) after size; Changing a Column Name on a MySQL Table You can change a columns name with the  alter table  and  change  commands. Read more about that in the How to Change a Column Name in MySQL tutorial.

Benefits of Writing Essay Topics in Examples

Benefits of Writing Essay Topics in ExamplesThere are many advantages of writing essays in examples as opposed to a traditional essay. People tend to not be comfortable with writing long essays on their own, they may just want to write them and skip the college level class altogether.Writing in examples does not require any significant knowledge of the subject matter or literature. It can be done from the comfort of your home. Examples are more exciting as they are shorter, more to the point and less technical. The examples will also help you be more creative while writing your essay and you can use the examples to test out a potential topic for your essay.Writing examples in your essay makes your essay appear more clear and concise, as well as more organized. The examples make it more obvious what you are trying to say. Students with weak English skills may not be able to read the examples clearly and understand your essay completely. However, the examples let them see that you are aware of the word usage in your essay and how you wish to present it.Some students can be intimidated by writing with examples as they do not have a good handle on what the different options are. Writing in examples lets you take a step back and see what it is you wish to convey.Some examples can even show you how to prepare an outline for your essay. If you are unsure about the topic, writing in examples can get you on the right track. Remember, as a college student, you must maintain your grades to keep up with your professors and scholarships.Writing in examples can also be used as a preparation tool. For example, if you need to write an essay on a language that you do not know how to write, you can choose to write in examples for each paragraph. By preparing for each paragraph you will be able to focus on the specific writing task at hand.As you can see, writing in examples is a wonderful option when it comes to essay topics. Whether you choose to use examples, outline and write down your thoughts, or both, you will be able to complete your project in less time than you would have if you wrote in the conventional way.

Free Essays on Safety Management Systems

SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ABSTRACT: Author: Title: Safety Management Systems Institution: Year: 2005 This paper briefly describes the Safety Management Systems (SMS) recently mandated by Transport Canada for all Canadian Airlines. The paper first summarizes where the program originated and the events that led to its inception. The paper then reviews the components and key elements of SMS. Finally the paper concludes by observing the benefits and obstacles to implementing SMS. SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SMS); WHERE IT COMES FROM: On August 24, 2001 Air Transat flight 236 was in route from Toronto, Canada to Lisbon, Portugal when the crew noticed a fuel imbalance. Within minutes the crew initiated a diversion to Terceira Island in the Azores due to a fuel shortage. Approximately 25 minutes after the initial diversion the right engine flamed out and just 13 minutes after that the left engine flamed out, both due to fuel exhaustion. With the assistance of Air Traffic Control (ATC) the crew flew the Airbus A-330 without power from an altitude of 34,500 feet and a distance of 65 nautical miles to a successful landing at the Lajes Airport, Terceira Island in the Azores. The aircraft suffered substantial damage and 16 passengers and 2 crew members were injured during the ensuing evacuation. Transport Canada and Air Transat did not wait for the final accident report, which took more than three years, to be published before taking action. In order to salvage their Extended Range Twin Operation (ETOPS) certificate, and their airline, Air Transat needed to make some changes. Transport Canada was in the process of developing Safety Management System (SMS) regulation and as a result of this incident, Air Transat would become the first airline in Canada to implement SMS. The Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR) defines SMS as â€Å"a systematic, explicit comprehensive and proactive process for managing risks that integrat... Free Essays on Safety Management Systems Free Essays on Safety Management Systems SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ABSTRACT: Author: Title: Safety Management Systems Institution: Year: 2005 This paper briefly describes the Safety Management Systems (SMS) recently mandated by Transport Canada for all Canadian Airlines. The paper first summarizes where the program originated and the events that led to its inception. The paper then reviews the components and key elements of SMS. Finally the paper concludes by observing the benefits and obstacles to implementing SMS. SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SMS); WHERE IT COMES FROM: On August 24, 2001 Air Transat flight 236 was in route from Toronto, Canada to Lisbon, Portugal when the crew noticed a fuel imbalance. Within minutes the crew initiated a diversion to Terceira Island in the Azores due to a fuel shortage. Approximately 25 minutes after the initial diversion the right engine flamed out and just 13 minutes after that the left engine flamed out, both due to fuel exhaustion. With the assistance of Air Traffic Control (ATC) the crew flew the Airbus A-330 without power from an altitude of 34,500 feet and a distance of 65 nautical miles to a successful landing at the Lajes Airport, Terceira Island in the Azores. The aircraft suffered substantial damage and 16 passengers and 2 crew members were injured during the ensuing evacuation. Transport Canada and Air Transat did not wait for the final accident report, which took more than three years, to be published before taking action. In order to salvage their Extended Range Twin Operation (ETOPS) certificate, and their airline, Air Transat needed to make some changes. Transport Canada was in the process of developing Safety Management System (SMS) regulation and as a result of this incident, Air Transat would become the first airline in Canada to implement SMS. The Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR) defines SMS as â€Å"a systematic, explicit comprehensive and proactive process for managing risks that integrat...